endurecer

v.

1 to harden.

El aire endurece el concreto húmedo The air hardens wet concrete.

2 to strengthen.

3 to toughen, to make hard, to steel, to temper.

Las penurias endurecen al individuo Hardship steels the individual.

4 to increase.

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endurecer

Conjugation model [AGRADECER], like {{link=agradecer}}agradecer

► verbo transitivo

1 to harden, make hard

2 figurado to harden, toughen

► verbo pronominal endurecerse

1 to become hardened, harden

2 figurado to become tough, become hardened

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verb

to harden

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1. VT

1) [+ material, sustancia] (=poner duro) to harden; (=hacer más resistente) to toughen

un barniz que endurece las uñas — a varnish that hardens your nails

el proceso de estiramiento endurece el metal — the drawing process toughens the metal

ejercicios para endurecer los músculos — exercises to strengthen the muscles

2) [+ persona] (=curtir) to toughen up; (=volver insensible) to harden

la vida del campo lo endurecerá — life in the country will toughen him up

los años que pasó en la cárcel lo endurecieron — the years he spent in prison hardened him

3) (Jur) [+ ley] to tighten, tighten up; [+ pena, castigo] to make more severe

han endurecido la política antiterrorista — they've taken a tougher anti-terrorist line, they're toughening up on terrorism

los sindicatos han endurecido su postura — the unions have taken a tougher stance

proponen endurecer las medidas contra el fraude — they're proposing to take tougher o firmer measures against fraud

el gobierno ha endurecido los controles — the government has tightened (up) controls

2.

See:

endurecerse

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1.

verbo transitivo

1) <arcilla/cemento> to harden; <músculos/uñas> to strengthen; <arterias> to harden

2)

a) <persona/carácter> (volver insensible) to harden; (fortalecer) to toughen ... up

ese corte te endurece las facciones — that haircut makes you look harsher

b) <actitud/castigo> to toughen

2.

endurecerse v pron

a) arcilla to harden; cemento to set, harden; pan to go stale

b) persona/carácter (volverse insensible) to harden; (fortalecerse) to toughen up

c) facciones to become harder o harsher

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= harden, stiffen, toughen, dehumanise [dehumanize, -USA].

Ex. Plaster was mixed with water and poured over the type, and allowed to set; when it had hardened it was lifted off the page (the oil preventing it from sticking to the type), and baked hard in an oven.

Ex. Self-effacing nervousness causes the epiglottis to tighten, strangling the words in the throat and stiffening the diaphragm so that it is like pulled-out elastic unable to propel anything.

Ex. It contains a bevy of fearsomely feisty female archetypes removed from domestic obligations and toughened in the brutal setting of prison life.

Ex. The first option means fighting the resistance, brutalizing, barbarizing and dehumanising both ourselves and our victims, and resulting, at best, in a desolate and desocialized state.

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* endurecer el control = tighten (up) + control.

* endurecerse = cake (up).

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1.

verbo transitivo

1) <arcilla/cemento> to harden; <músculos/uñas> to strengthen; <arterias> to harden

2)

a) <persona/carácter> (volver insensible) to harden; (fortalecer) to toughen ... up

ese corte te endurece las facciones — that haircut makes you look harsher

b) <actitud/castigo> to toughen

2.

endurecerse v pron

a) arcilla to harden; cemento to set, harden; pan to go stale

b) persona/carácter (volverse insensible) to harden; (fortalecerse) to toughen up

c) facciones to become harder o harsher

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= harden, stiffen, toughen, dehumanise [dehumanize, -USA].

Ex: Plaster was mixed with water and poured over the type, and allowed to set; when it had hardened it was lifted off the page (the oil preventing it from sticking to the type), and baked hard in an oven.

Ex: Self-effacing nervousness causes the epiglottis to tighten, strangling the words in the throat and stiffening the diaphragm so that it is like pulled-out elastic unable to propel anything.

Ex: It contains a bevy of fearsomely feisty female archetypes removed from domestic obligations and toughened in the brutal setting of prison life.

Ex: The first option means fighting the resistance, brutalizing, barbarizing and dehumanising both ourselves and our victims, and resulting, at best, in a desolate and desocialized state.

* endurecer el control = tighten (up) + control.

* endurecerse = cake (up).

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endurecer [E3 ]

vt

A

1 ‹arcilla› to harden; ‹cemento› to harden, set

lo endurecen para que dure más it is toughened to last longer

2 ‹músculos/uñas› to strengthen

3 ‹arterias› to harden

B

1 ‹persona/carácter› (volver insensible) to harden; (fortalecer) to toughen … up

ese corte te endurece las facciones that haircut makes your features look harsher

2 ‹actitud› to toughen

vamos a endurecer nuestra postura frente al terrorismo we are going to toughen our stance on o take a tougher line against terrorism

■ endurecerse

v pron

1 «arcilla» to harden; «cemento» to set, harden

2 «pan» to go stale

3 «persona/carácter» (volverse insensible) to harden, become hard/harder; (fortalecerse) to toughen up, become tough/tougher

con la vejez se le han endurecido las facciones his features have become harsher with age

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endurecer (conjugate endurecer) verbo transitivo
1 (en general) to harden
2 ‹persona/carácter› (volver insensible) to harden;
(fortalecer) to toughen … up;

◊ ese corte te endurece las facciones that haircut makes you look harsher

endurecerse verbo pronominal

a) (en general) to harden;

[pan] to go stale

b) [persona/carácter] (volverse insensible) to harden;

(fortalecerse) to toughen up

c) [facciones] to become harder o harsher

endurecer verbo transitivo to harden: los problemas familiares endurecieron su carácter, he became distant and cold as a result of all the family conflicts
'endurecer' also found in these entries:
English:
harden
- toughen

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endurecer

♦ vt

1. [hacer más duro] [pasta, mezcla, alimento] to harden

2. [fortalecer] [persona] to toughen, to strengthen;

[músculo] to strengthen

3. [insensibilizar] to harden;

el sufrimiento endureció su corazón suffering hardened his heart

4. [hacer más severo] [ley, pena, requisitos] to toughen;

[actitud, posturas] to harden

♦ See also the pronominal verb endurecerse

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endurecer

v/t harden; fig

toughen up

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endurecer {53} vt

: to harden, to toughen

♦ See also the reflexive verb endurecerse

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endurecer vb to harden